The Efficacy of Choice Threats within School Accountability Systems: Results from Legislatively Induced Experiments
利用佛罗里达州2002年修订的问责法和联邦《不让一个孩子掉队》法案，通过回归分析发现，针对表现最差学校的择校威胁（如声誉惩罚和学券威胁）能提升学生成绩，但政策设计至关重要。
Targeted stigma and school voucher threats under a revised 2002 Florida accountability law have positive impacts on school performance as measured by the test score gains of their students. In contrast, stigma and public school choice threats under the US federal accountability law, No Child Left Behind, do not have similar effects in Florida. Estimation relies upon individual-level data and is based upon regression analyses that exploit discontinuities within the accountability regimes. Choice threats embedded within accountability regimes can moderate educational inequalities by boosting achievement at the lowest-performing schools, but policy design is crucial. Copyright 2006 Royal Economic Society.