The Costs of Occupational Mobility: An Aggregate Analysis
估计了职业流动的成本，并量化了任务内容差异在总流动成本中的相对重要性。研究发现任务特定成本最多占跨职业总转移成本的15%，且成本主要由任务无关的职业特定因素决定。
We estimate the costs of occupational mobility and quantify the relative importance of differences in task content as a component of total mobility costs. We use a novel approach based on a model of occupational choice that delivers a gravity equation linking worker flows to occupation characteristics and transition costs. Using data from the Current Population Survey and the Dictionary of Occupational Titles we find that task-specific costs account for no more than 15% of the total transition cost across most occupation pairs. Transition costs vary widely across occupations and, while increasing with the dissimilarity in the mix of tasks performed, are mostly accounted for by task-independent occupation-specific factors. The fraction of transition costs that can be attributed to task-related variables appears fairly stable over the 1994–2013 period.