Manufacturing Firms in Developing Countries: How Well Do They Do, and Why?
评估了关于发展中国家制造业的三个常见观点：企业效率差异大、寡头垄断市场、小企业不愿成长，发现这些观点缺乏系统证据支持，但仍有待深入研究。
The manufacturing sectors of developing countries have traditionally been relatively protected. They have also been subject to heavy regulation, much of which has favored large firms. Accordingly, it is often argued that in these countries: (1) markets tolerate inefficient firms, so cross-firm productivity dispersion is high; (2) small groups of entrenched oligopolists exploit monopoly power in product markets; and (3) many small firms are unable or unwilling to grow, so important scale economies go unexploited. Drawing on plant and firm level studies, I assess each of these conjectures and find none to be systematically supported. However, many open issues remain.