Open-Source Software Development and Distributed Innovation
解释了开源软件开发作为一种利用互联网社区分布式智能的生产模式，为何高效且能避免知识产权制度的低效，同时指出其分叉风险及治理结构，对发展中国家参与前沿创新有启示。
Open-source software development is a production model that exploits the distributed intelligence of participants in Internet communities. This model is efficient because of two related reasons: it avoids the inefficiencies of a strong intellectual property regime and it implements concurrently design and testing of software modules. The hazard of open source is that projects can 'fork' into competing versions. However, open-source communities consist of governance structures that constitutionally minimize this danger. Because open source works in a distributed environment, it presents an opportunity for developing countries to participate in frontier innovation. Copyright 2001, Oxford University Press.