The Labor Market Status of Immigrants: Effects of the Unemployment Rate at Arrival and Duration of Residence
研究了移民到达美国时的失业率以及在美国居住时长对其劳动力市场表现的影响，发现到达时的高失业率会降低移民的就业率和收入，但随居住时间延长，负面影响逐渐减弱。
Barry R. Chiswick, Yinon Cohen, Tzippi Zach, The Labor Market Status of Immigrants: Effects of the Unemployment Rate at Arrival and Duration of Residence, ILR Review, Vol. 50, No. 2 (Jan., 1997), pp. 289-303