The Influence of Industrial Relations Factors on U.S. Foreign Direct Investment Abroad
基于1992年美国商务部数据，研究工会渗透率、集体谈判结构等产业关系因素如何影响美国在19个OECD国家的对外直接投资，发现高工会化、严格裁员限制等有负面影响，而高教育水平和工人委员会政策有正面影响。
Although managers of multinational companies have identified labor practices and regulations, access to skilled labor, and similar factors as important considerations in foreign direct investment decision-making, few studies have empirically examined the influence of industrial relations factors on foreign direct investment. Applying a transaction costs framework to U.S. Department of Commerce data published in 1992, the author examines the influence of several key industrial relations variables on U.S. foreign direct investment across nine industries and nineteen OECD-member countries. Across the countries studied, U.S. foreign direct investment was negatively affected by the presence of high levels of union penetration, centralized collective bargaining structures, stiff government restrictions on layoffs, and pervasive contract extension policies; it was positively affected by high levels of education and policies requiring works councils.