Did the Elimination of Mandatory Retirement Affect Faculty Retirement?
利用1986年《年龄歧视法》中允许高校强制70岁教职员工退休的豁免条款在1994年到期这一自然实验，通过调查数据比较了取消强制退休前后教职员工的离职率变化，发现70-71岁教职员工的退休率下降了三分之二，表明未来美国高校老年教职员工数量将增加。
A special exemption from the 1986 Age Discrimination Act allowed colleges and universities to enforce mandatory retirement of faculty at age 70 until 1994. We construct a survey that permits us to compare faculty turnover rates before and after the law changed at a large sample of institutions with defined contribution pension plans. After the elimination of compulsory retirement the retirement rates of 70- and 71-year-olds fell by two-thirds and were comparable to rates of 69-year-olds. These findings indicate that U.S. colleges and universities will experience a rise in the number of older faculty over the coming years.