Optimal Control of a High-Volume Assemble-to-Order System
研究了高客户到达率的按单装配系统，通过选择产品价格、组件产能和动态订单排序策略最大化长期折现利润，证明了近视离散审查排序策略的渐近最优性，并发现最优价格和产能使供需接近平衡，系统性能可用扩散近似描述。
We consider an assemble-to-order system with a high volume of prospective customers arriving per unit time. Our objective is to maximize expected infinite-horizon discounted profit by choosing product prices, component production capacities, and a dynamic policy for sequencing customer orders for assembly. We prove that a myopic discrete-review sequencing policy, which allocates scarce components among orders for different products to minimize instantaneous physical and financial holding costs, is asymptotically optimal. Furthermore, we prove that optimal prices and production capacity nearly balance the supply and demand for components (i.e., it is economically optimal to operate the system in heavy traffic), so system performance is characterized by a diffusion approximation. The diffusion approximation exhibits state-space collapse: Its dimension equals the number of components (rather than the number of components plus the number of products). These results complement the existing assemble-to-order literature, which focuses on managing component inventory and assumes FIFO sequencing of orders for assembly.