Are Mandated Health and Safety Committees Substitutes for or Supplements to Labor Unions?
研究了强制性安全与健康委员会对工会和非工会工作场所OSHA执法的影响，发现委员会在工会场所显著增强了执法力度，在非工会场所效果微弱，表明委员会更多是工会的补充而非替代。
A subject of recurring debate in both academia and the business world is whether workplace committees and other forms of employee participation are substitutes for or supplements to labor unions. One well-established effect of unionization is increased enforcement of government labor policies such as OSHA; this study investigates the enforcement effects of mandated safety and health committees. A comparison of OSHA inspection records for the two years preceding and following the implementation of committee mandates in Oregon in 1991 shows that mandated committees significantly increased the differences between union and nonunion workplaces in OSHA enforcement, with enforcement strengthening considerably in union workplaces but edging upward only slightly in nonunion workplaces. The committees thus appear to have acted more as supplements to than substitutes for labor unions.