Speech Patterns and Racial Wage Inequality
研究发现，言语模式与黑人的技能水平高度相关，且被听者明确识别为黑人的说话者比技能相似的白人工资低约12%，而未被明确识别的黑人工资与白人相当。
Abstract Speech patterns differ substantially between whites and many African Americans. I collect and analyze speech data to understand the role that speech may play in explaining racial wage differences. Among blacks, speech patterns are highly correlated with measures of skill such as schooling and AFQT scores. They are also highly correlated with the wages of young workers. Even after controlling for measures of skill and family background, black speakers whose voices were distinctly identified as black by anonymous listeners earn about 12 percent less than whites with similar observable skills. Indistinctly identified blacks earn essentially the same as comparable whites. I discuss a number of models that may be consistent with these results and describe the data that one would need to distinguish among them.