Employment and Wage Effects of Trade Liberalization: The Case of Mexican Manufacturing
分析贸易自由化对墨西哥制造业就业和工资的影响，发现贸易保护产生的租金被工人以工资溢价形式吸收，而自由化通过降低产品需求和租金，导致实际工资平均下降3%-4%。
This article analyzes the effect of trade liberalization on employment and wages in the Mexican manufacturing sector. The study documents that many of the rents generated by trade protection were absorbed by workers in the form of a wage premium. Trade liberalization affected firm‐level employment and wages by shifting down industry product and labor demand. This in itself may have accounted for a 3%–4% decline in real wages on average. But trade reform also reduced the rents available to be captured by firms and workers. This had an additional negative effect on firm‐level employment and wages.