The Spend-Save Decision: An Analysis of How Charities Respond to Revenue Changes
研究了慈善组织在收入变化时如何调整支出，发现它们会平滑支出，将大部分额外收入储蓄起来，并用过去储蓄缓解收入减少，尤其依赖前一年的储蓄。
SYNOPSIS: We study how charities adjust spending when revenues change. Understanding the decision to spend or save revenues provides insights into management behavior and resource allocations. Our results indicate that, on average, the marginal change in overall spending is substantially less than the marginal change in revenue, indicating that charities smooth spending. Charities save a substantial portion of additional revenues and appear to mitigate reductions in revenues by using past savings, especially amounts saved in the previous year. We also find evidence that charities anticipate revenue declines and save for that purpose. Charities with fewer constraints, such as those with larger net assets and those with revenues from sources less likely to impose revenue spending restrictions, do more smoothing by adjusting spending less. Data Availability: Data are publicly available.