High‐speed railroads and economic geography: Evidence from Japan
研究日本1982年两条高铁开通后，发现高铁对经济地理的影响因行业和距离而异：远距离地区人口减少3-6%，服务业就业下降7%，制造业就业增长21%；东京都市圈因高铁而集聚。
Abstract Our study shows that high‐speed railroads (HSR) can either polarize or diffuse economic geography based on the sector and distance between cities. Economic activities could agglomerate from distant to core areas, while disperse from core toward its periphery at the same time. Empirical evidence from the 1982 introduction of two major HSRs in Japan, which halved intercity transit time, support this. Noncore areas lost 3–6 percent population; service employment declined 7 percent, whereas manufacturing employment increased by 21 percent. Municipalities within approximately 150 km of Tokyo expanded, while the distant ones contracted. The net result is that the Tokyo metropolitan area agglomerates because of HSR.