Equality, Efficiency, and Market Fundamentals: The Dynamics of International Medical-Care Reform
发达国家民众对医疗体系满意度低，源于平等与效率的冲突。新技术推高成本，各国从控制支出转向激励导向的改革。
Public opinion surveys uniformly show low support for medical-care systems in developed countries. The longstanding conflict between equal access to care and efficient service provision partly explains this dissatisfaction. But the trade-off is particularly acute in medical care, as new technologies developed over time have increased the cost of care and made the equity commitment even more expensive. Countries first dealt with rising costs by maintaining equal access and restricting total spending. Efficiency suffered, however. As a result, many countries are considering a move away from spending controls and toward incentive-based medical-care reform.