Long-Term Unemployment in Britain in the 1930s
研究了1930年代英国长期失业的持续时间数据及其福利成本，发现长期失业者中仅少数有高替代率，且再就业概率随失业时间延长而下降，不应简单视其为自愿失业。
Long-term unemployment was regarded by contemporaries in the 1930's as a major problem but analysis of it has been neglected in modern economists' research. This paper presents data on durations of unemployment and a measure of the welfare costs associated with long-term unemployment. It is argued that only a small minority of the long-term unemployed had high replacement ratios and that re-employment probabilities were duration dependent. Particular attention is given to the notion of 'voluntary' unemployment and it is found that, in general, the long-term unemployed should not be regarded as 'workshy' or engaged in 'search'.