Emotional Aperture and Strategic Change: The Accurate Recognition of Collective Emotions
提出“情绪孔径”概念，指识别集体中多元情绪构成的能力，认为领导者有效应对战略变革等情绪动荡过程的能力取决于此，并分析了影响其有效运用的因素。
This paper introduces emotional aperture, defined as the ability to recognize the composition of diverse emotions in a collective (e.g., group or business unit). We develop the thesis that a leader's ability to respond effectively to patterns of shared emotions that arise during strategic change and other emotionally turbulent organizational processes depends on the leader's ability to use emotional aperture. Additionally, we describe key cultural, psychological, and contextual enablers and impediments to achieving the necessary focus and accuracy that characterize the effective use of emotional aperture in organizations. This paper provides an initial conceptualization of how individuals can adjust their attention to group-level emotions and thus extends existing notions of emotional competencies (e.g., emotional intelligence) that have focused more narrowly on individual-level emotions.