Peer Effects in UK Adolescent Substance Use: Never Mind the Classmates?
研究英国青少年酒精、烟草和大麻使用中的同伴效应，发现同学影响在考虑朋友影响后消失或减弱，表明同学行为主要作为朋友行为的代理。
Abstract This article estimates peer influences on the alcohol, tobacco and cannabis use of UK adolescents. We present evidence of large, positive and statistically significant peer effects in all three behaviours when classmates are taken as the reference group. We also find large, positive and statistically significant associations between own substance use and friends' substance use. When both reference groups are considered simultaneously, the influence of classmates either disappears or is much reduced, whereas the association between own and friends' behaviours does not change. The suggestion is that classmate behaviour is primarily relevant only inasmuch as it proxies for friends' behaviour.