What Causes Industry Agglomeration? Evidence from Coagglomeration Patterns
通过构建美国制造业的成对共同集聚指数，检验马歇尔关于产业集聚的三种理论，发现投入产出关联是驱动企业集聚的关键因素。
Why do firms cluster near one another? We test Marshall's theories of industrial agglomeration by examining which industries locate near one another, or coagglomerate. We construct pairwise coagglomeration indices for US manufacturing industries from the Economic Census. We then relate coagglomeration levels to the degree to which industry pairs share goods, labor, or ideas. To reduce reverse causality, where collocation drives input-output linkages or hiring patterns, we use data from UK industries and from US areas where the two industries are not collocated. All three of Marshall's theories of agglomeration are supported, with input-output linkages particularly important.