Labor Market Effects of Hawaii's Mandatory Employer-Provided Health Insurance
分析了1974年夏威夷强制雇主提供健康保险的法律对工人工资、就业和保险覆盖率的影响，发现受影响的行业工资增长较慢但高于全国同行，就业增长超全国，且兼职比例和保险覆盖率显著高于全国平均水平。
The author analyzes how mandatory employer provision of health insurance in Hawaii, which became law in 1974, affected workers' wages, employment, and insurance coverage. Between 1970 and 1990, the Hawaiian industries most affected by the mandate had slower wage growth than other Hawaiian industries but more rapid wage growth than the same industries in the nation as a whole. The author speculates that the effects of unmeasured economy-wide positive demand shocks eclipsed the wage effects of the law. Hawaii's employment growth exceeded that of the country as a whole, but the percentage of Hawaiian workers employed less than 20 hours per week (and thus exempt from the law) was significantly higher than the national average. Insurance coverage for Hawaiian workers of all classes (including those exempt from the act)--and, indeed, for workers and non- workers of all ages--significantly exceeded the national average in 1990.