Competitive planned obsolescence
构建了一个竞争市场中的计划性淘汰模型，发现企业若产品不带有计划性且已知的淘汰特性，则可能无法在竞争中存活，这种淘汰方式能最小化柠檬市场问题。
We provide a model of planned obsolescence in a competitive market. A feature of the model is that there are configurations where a firm cannot survive in the competitive market unless its product exhibits planned and known obsolescence. This form of obsolescence is complementary to that of existing models and arises from the ability of planned obsolescence to minimize the lemons problem. 1.