Multiclass Traffic Flow Dynamics: An Endogenous Model
将车辆分为轿车、中型卡车和重型卡车，将慢车视为移动瓶颈，推导了多车道路段上异质移动瓶颈的基本图解析公式，并通过仿真验证了公式的有效性。
Vehicles on roads can be distinguished, each defined by its own set of properties (e.g., fleet length and free-flow speed). The traffic states on roads can be attributed to the longitudinal heterogeneity in vehicles. Vehicles slower than prevailing vehicles are defined as moving bottlenecks. On a multilane road section with multiple vehicle types, slower vehicles create moving bottlenecks and induce overtaking by faster vehicles so as to maintain their higher desired speed. The influence of single-class moving bottlenecks has been studied in the past. However, the impacts of multiple classes of moving bottlenecks have not yet been fully explored. This paper categorizes vehicles into passenger cars, medium trucks, and heavy trucks. By defining medium trucks and heavy trucks as moving bottlenecks, we develop analytical formulas for the fundamental diagram on a multilane road section with heterogeneous moving bottlenecks. The formula confirms that the composition of traffic and the longest truck platoon length influence the fundamental diagram. We then conduct simulations using a first-order kinematic wave model in Lagrangian coordinates to validate the fundamental diagram developed with the analytical formula and obtain promising results. This study provides fundamental knowledge for multiclass traffic modeling and multilane traffic operations.