Environmental Policy and Firm Selection in the Open Economy
研究了单边提高排放税对异质性企业贸易模型的影响，发现更严格的环境政策通过劳动力向出口企业再配置提高国内平均生产率，并减少国内外排放，但减排效果弱于封闭经济。
In this paper, we analyze the effects of a unilateral change in an emissions tax in a model of international trade with heterogeneous firms. We find a positive effect of tighter environmental policy on average productivity in the reforming country through reallocation of labor toward exporting firms. Domestic aggregate emissions fall, due to both a scale and a technique effect, but we show that the reduction in emissions following the tax increase is smaller than in autarky. Moreover, general equilibrium effects through changes in the foreign wage rate lead to a reduction in foreign emissions and, hence, to negative emissions leakage. In case of transboundary pollution this exerts in turn a positive feedback effect on the domestic environment.