Exporting Pollution: Where Do Multinational Firms Emit CO2?
利用跨国公司的二氧化碳排放微观数据，研究发现总部位于环境政策严格国家的企业，更倾向于在政策宽松的国家进行污染活动，但全球总排放量仍有所减少。
Abstract Despite widespread awareness of the detrimental impact of CO2 pollution on the world climate, countries vary widely in how they design and enforce environmental laws. Using novel microdata about multinational firms' CO2 emissions across countries, we document that firms headquartered in countries with strict environmental policies perform their polluting activities abroad in countries with relatively weaker policies. These effects are largely driven by tightened environmental policies in home countries that incentivize firms to pollute abroad rather than lenient foreign policies that attract those firms. Although firms headquartered in countries with strict domestic environmental policies are more likely to export pollution to foreign countries, they nevertheless emit somewhat less overall CO2 globally.