The Impact of a National Early Childhood Development Program on Future Schooling Attainment: Evidence from Integrated Child Development Services in India
利用印度全国调查数据，评估综合儿童发展服务（ICDS）对15-54岁男性和15-49岁女性教育成就的影响，发现3岁前接触该项目的个体多完成0.1-0.3个年级的学业，对女性影响更大。
Evidence on the long-term benefits of early-life interventions remains inadequate in developing countries. In this paper, we evaluate the effect of India’s Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS), a national program of supplemental nutrition and health services, on schooling. Using national survey data and employing age-state and village or city ward fixed effects regression, we find that nonmigrant 15–54-year-old men and 15–49-year-old women who were exposed to an ICDS center during the first 3 years of life completed 0.1–0.3 more grades of schooling than those who were not exposed. The effect is stronger among women than among men.