Relational Exchange in Non-union Firms: A Configurational Framework for Workplace Dispute Resolution and Voice
本文针对美国大多数员工不再享有工会申诉程序的情况，提出一个理论框架，解释非工会企业如何根据组织特征和战略采用不同的争议解决与员工发言权配置模型，并评估其对雇主和员工的影响。
For much of the 20th century, a sizeable proportion of the workforce in the United States had access to a combination of dispute resolution and voice options through the union grievance process. The vast majority of today’s workforce, however, no longer does. The focus of this article is the proliferation of alternative relational exchange models developed in non-union firms. The author develops a theoretical framework proposing variation in the overarching non-union models employed by firms as a function of distinct organizational features and strategies. These models are the product of distinct configurations of voice and dispute-resolution strategies. The author proposes five alternative non-union models, discusses the internal and external characteristics associated with them, and evaluates distinct employer and worker outcomes.