Climate Change Mitigation Policies: Aggregate and Distributional Effects
用一个多部门均衡模型评估了碳税等气候变化减缓政策对经济总量和不同群体福利的影响，发现美国实现巴黎协定承诺最多使产出下降0.8%，但高碳行业工人福利损失是其他工人的六倍。
Abstract We evaluate the aggregate and distributional effects of climate change mitigation policies using a multi-sector equilibrium model with intersectoral input-output linkages and worker heterogeneity, calibrated to various countries. Carbon taxes induce changes in relative prices and input reallocation, notably in labour. In the United States, achieving its Paris Agreement commitment results in, at most, a 0.8% reduction in output, unevenly affecting different sectors and individuals. Some workers in dirty energy sectors, forming less than 2% of the labour force, endure welfare losses six times larger than others. China, reliant on high-carbon energy, experiences larger economic effects from an identical emission reduction.