The impact of agency failure on executive approval: Evidence from the Bush and Obama presidencies
研究了代理失败（如政府机构失误）如何影响总统支持率，发现当代理失败成为全国头条新闻时，支持率下降，且影响取决于失败次数而非单次严重程度。
Abstract Over the past few decades, scholars have developed a rich research record on the causes and consequences of low presidential approval ratings. While this literature has provided valuable insight on presidential approval, little attention is paid to how agency failures also impact approval. In this article, I argue this understudied topic can provide additional leverage to help understand when public trust in the president is eroded. Using Markov Regime switching models of weekly approval ratings for the Bush and Obama presidencies, I demonstrate approval falls when agency failures make national headlines. In addition, findings also show that the impact of these events hinge on the number of failures and not the magnitude of any one breakdown in particular.