The environmental cost and the accident externality of driving: Evidence from the Swiss franc's appreciation
利用瑞士法郎升值导致的跨境交通流量变化，研究发现驾驶增加会加剧高峰时段氮氧化物浓度和非工作日午前事故风险，且弹性大于1，提示需联合治理拥堵、空气质量和道路安全。
Abstract This study investigates the effects of driving on air quality and road safety by exploiting exogenous variation in traffic flows associated with the Swiss franc's appreciation. It shows that the higher mobility along the border increased the nitrogen oxides concentration during peak hours on working days and the risk of car accidents during the late morning on nonworking days. The elasticity of both variables of interest with respect to the number of cars turns out to be larger than one. This suggests the need for programs that treat traffic congestion, air quality, and road safety jointly and has implications for optimal road use pricing.