On the Competitive Effects of Screening in Procurement
利用波兰公路建设采购拍卖数据，估计了采购方筛选投标者以降低违约风险的做法对竞争的影响，发现筛选会减少小企业参与并抬高报价。
ABSTRACT This study estimates the effect of screening and litigation using a unique data set on highway construction procurement auctions in Poland. Procurement authorities frequently use screening to mitigate default risk. However, eliminating bidders reduces competition and may discourage entry. The examined market exhibits a screening method that ex‐post selects eligible offers. We demonstrate with a reduced‐form model that this method disproportionately affects small firms and decreases entry, indirectly inflating bids and prices as a consequence.