Blockchain as Schumpeter Mark 1 or Mark 2? An empirical analysis of blockchain job offers in France and Germany
利用法国和德国285家公司发布的385个招聘岗位数据，用有序多项概率模型分析区块链技术属于熊彼特Mark 1还是Mark 2产业动态，对理解区块链就业特征有帮助。
Abstract This article investigates whether blockchain technology corresponds to Schumpeter Mark 1 or Mark 2 industrial dynamics. Using an original database of 385 job offers in three different domains, namely, blockchain, biotechnology, and storekeeping, posted by 285 companies in France and Germany in early 2019, we explore whether the usual Schumpeter Mark 1 and 2 attributes apply to blockchains. We use ordered multinomial probit models to explain the level of work experience demanded by companies. To our knowledge, this contribution is one among very few attempts to identify the main features of blockchain industrial dynamics.