Bounds on Elasticities With Optimization Frictions: A Synthesis of Micro and Macro Evidence on Labor Supply
研究了当存在调整成本或注意力不足等优化摩擦时，如何识别价格弹性，推导出结构价格弹性的边界，并应用于劳动供给文献，发现小摩擦可解释微观与宏观弹性的差异。
How can price elasticities be identified when agents face optimization frictions such as adjustment costs or inattention?I derive bounds on structural price elasticities that are a function of the observed effect of a price change on demand, the size of the price change, and the degree of frictions.The degree of frictions is measured by the utility losses agents tolerate to deviate from the frictionless optimum.The bounds imply that frictions affect intensive margin elasticities much more than extensive margin elasticities.I apply these bounds to the literature on labor supply.The utility costs of ignoring the tax changes used to identify intensive margin labor supply elasticities are typically less than 1% of earnings.As a result, small frictions can explain the differences between micro and macro elasticities, extensive and intensive margin elasticities, and other disparate findings.Pooling estimates from existing studies, I estimate a Hicksian labor supply elasticity of 0.33 on the intensive margin and 0.25 on the extensive margin after accounting for frictions.