Cultural Knowledge in Organizations: Exploring the Collective Mind.
比较了整合派、分化派和碎片派三种文化研究取向,指出它们与人格研究中的类型学问题类似,并质疑马丁的类型学是否具有决定性。
integrationists are more ethnographic and clinical, while the differentiationists and fragmentationists work more in the positivist quantitative and qualitative tradition. If one looks at the history of research on personality, one sees the same typological issue. Personality theorists differ in whether they see it as an integrative force, a set of conflicts, or a fragmented evolutionary coping process. Those differences often are directly correlated with whether they use clinical methods, observational methods, interviews, projective tests, or objective personality inventories. And we have not yet sorted out in that field which is the correct or most valid way to approach personality. We are probably in for the same kind of diversity in culture research, and though Martin's analysis may be useful in highlighting some differences, her typology is not as definitive as she might claim.