Mammograms and Mortality: How Has the Evidence Evolved?
回顾了乳腺X光检查与死亡率关系的证据演变，重点分析临床试验结果及其对筛查指南的影响，并探讨一项重要试验中全因死亡率与乳腺癌死亡率的变化。
Decades of evidence reveal a complicated relationship between mammograms and mortality. Mammograms may detect deadly cancers early, but they may also lead to the diagnosis and potentially fatal treatment of cancers that would never progress to cause symptoms. I provide a brief history of the evidence on mammograms and mortality, focusing on evidence from clinical trials, and I discuss how this evidence informs mammography guidelines. I then explore the evolution of all-cause mortality relative to breast cancer mortality within an influential clinical trial. I conclude with some responses to the evolving evidence.