Staple Products, Linkages, and Development: Evidence from Argentina
研究阿根廷历史上初级生产模式如何影响地方经济发展，发现畜牧业地区因关联效应弱、土地集中度高，长期导致人口密度低、工业化缓慢，人均收入和人力资本水平较低。
Abstract We investigate how historical patterns of primary production influenced development across local economies in Argentina. Our identification strategy exploits exogenous variation in the composition of primary production induced by climatic features. We find that locations specializing in ranching had weaker linkages with other activities, higher concentration in land ownership, lower population density, and less immigration than cereal-producing areas. Over time, ranching localities continued to exhibit lower population density, and they experienced relatively sluggish industrialization. Ultimately, ranching specialization had large negative effects on long-run levels of income per capita and human capital.