Empirical properties of diversion ratios
研究了转移比率的理论定义与经验测量方法，建立了局部平均处理效应解释，并比较了价格、质量或品种变化下不同测量方式的关系。
Abstract The diversion ratio for products and is the fraction of consumers who leave product after a price increase and switch to product . Theoretically, it is expressed as the ratio of demand derivatives from a multi‐product firm's Bertrand‐Nash first‐order condition. In practice, diversion ratios are also measured from second‐choice data or customer‐switching surveys. We establish a LATE interpretation of diversion ratios, and show how diversion ratios are obtained from different interventions (price, quality, or assortment changes) and how those measures relate to one another and to underlying properties of demand.