Working more for more and working more for less: Labor supply in the gain and loss domains
通过实验研究计件工资变化对劳动供给的影响，发现存在参考工资时，工资上升或下降都会增加劳动供给，这种非单调性源于损失厌恶导致的框架效应。
We examine labor supply responses to piece rate changes relative to the reference piece rate (RR). In experimental conditions without RR, labor supply increases monotonically with the actual piece rate. In conditions with RR, labor supply increases both when the piece rate rises and falls relative to RR. This non-monotonicity in labor supply responses to piece rate changes around RR is consistent with the effects of framing a given level of income as gain or loss relative to the target level induced by RR: loss aversion makes subjects work more at a given piece rate when the implied income is in the loss rather than gain domain. However, the framing effects disappear when the piece rate could both rise or fall relative to RR.