University Innovation and Local Economic Growth
研究美国大学知识如何驱动产业集聚，发现1980年《拜杜法案》后，与大学创新优势相关的行业在就业、工资和企业创新上增长更快，且地理邻近性、密度和本地技能强化了这一溢出效应。
Abstract This paper identifies the extent to which knowledge from U.S. universities drives industry agglomeration. Establishment-level data indicate faster growth in employment, wages, and corporate innovation after the 1980 Bayh-Dole Act's shock to the spread of innovation from universities in industries more closely related to the nearby university's innovative strengths. Federal research funding amplified the effect. University knowledge spillovers strengthen with geographic proximity, density, and local skills. Consistent with spatial equilibrium models, the growth effect is driven by nearby entry in university-linked industries, especially of multiunit expansions; these firms disproportionately partner with universities in R&D, transfer IP, and innovate.