Explaining technological innovation of the clustered firms: Internal and relational factors
研究西班牙瓷砖集群中166家企业，发现终端产品企业受益于供应商和大学等支持组织的垂直关系，而专业工业企业主要依赖高研发投入。
The objective of this research is to investigate the combinations of internal and external factors that lead cluster companies to innovate. The study follows a complex causality approach using Qualitative Comparative Analysis (QCA) with a sample of 166 companies that belong to the Spanish ceramic tile cluster, differentiating between end product firms and specialized industrial firms. The results show how the two groups benefit from different factors when it comes to technological innovations. End product-focused firms benefit from vertical relationships with suppliers and the interaction with supporting organizations like universities, among others. Specialized industrial firms benefit, above all, from a high R&D investment.