Cognitive Biases: Mistakes or Missing Stakes?
通过实验室实验，测试高额激励对四种常见认知偏差（基础率忽视、锚定、反事实思维失败和直觉推理）的影响，发现极高激励虽增加反应时间，但几乎不改善表现，无法消除偏差。
Abstract Despite decades of research on heuristics and biases, evidence on the effect of large incentives on cognitive biases is scant. We test the effect of incentives on four widely documented biases: base-rate neglect, anchoring, failure of contingent thinking, and intuitive reasoning. In laboratory experiments with 1,236 college students in Nairobi, we implement three incentive levels: no incentives, standard lab payments, and very high incentives. We find that very high stakes increase response times by 40% but improve performance only very mildly or not at all. In none of the tasks do very high stakes come close to debiasing participants.