Education Gradients in Mortality Trends by Gender and Race
研究了2001-2018年美国25-64岁人群教育水平与死亡率的关系，发现种族和教育程度影响显著，药物过量是死亡率上升主因，心血管疾病、癌症和HIV是死亡率下降主因。
We examine gender and race differences in education-mortality trends among 25–64-year-olds in the United States from 2001 to 2018. Relationships are heterogeneous by race and education, with larger mortality reductions for less educated non-Hispanic Blacks than for other races and mixed results at higher levels of schooling. Drug overdoses represent the single most important contributor to increased death rates for all groups, but the magnitudes vary sharply. Cardiovascular disease, cancer, and HIV are the most significant sources of mortality rate reductions, with heterogeneous patterns again by sex, race, and educational attainment. Examining specific causes of death can provide a more nuanced understanding of the health shocks affecting population subgroups.