Endogenous Driving Behavior in Tests of Racial Profiling
研究发现非裔美国驾驶者在白天（种族更易被识别时）会调整驾驶行为（如降低车速），这种内生反应会导致传统种族歧视测试产生显著偏差。
<h3>Abstract</h3> African-American motorists may adjust their behavior in response to increased scrutiny by police biasing tests of discrimination that rely on the share of treated individuals who are minority, such as for traffic stops. We use the “Veil of Darkness” strategy to examine traffic fatalities and speeding infractions to detect such behavioral responses. In daylight, when race is more easily observable, African-American motorists are less likely to have fatal motor vehicle accidents. In Massachusetts and Tennessee, we find that stopped African-Americans motorists drove at slower speeds in daylight. Calibrations indicate that this behavior creates substantial bias in conventional tests of discrimination.