The Household Appliance Stock, Income, and Electricity Demand Elasticity
利用2015年美国居民能源消费调查数据，研究家庭收入和电器存量如何影响电力需求的价格弹性，发现高收入家庭取暖用电减少但电子设备增多，为政策制定者设计需求侧管理项目提供参考。
This paper estimates household electricity demand using data from the Energy Information Administration’s (EIA) 2015 Residential Energy Consumption Survey (RECS). Previous research has focused on estimating price elasticities, and we contribute to this literature by examining how price elasticity is impacted by household income and the appliance stock. Results show that as income increases, households rely less on electricity for space and water heating, but the number of electronic appliances increases with income. The changing stock suggests that the mechanism through which energy reduction occurs differs across income levels. The results can aid policymakers concerned about electricity demand, rising electricity rates, and the impact on low-income households. The results can also inform the design of demand response and demand side management programs.