Product diversification and isomorphism: The case of ski resorts and “me-too” innovation
研究奥地利蒂罗尔州滑雪场引入夏季公园的竞争性决定因素，发现与竞争对手的合作（竞合）和运营商规模是主要驱动力，而公园主题则由地理位置和地形决定。
Many ski-lift operators are trying to diversify their business by opening summer parks and in so doing, to reposition their resorts as year-round destinations. Almost half of ski-lift operators in Tyrol introduced such parks in the period from 2000 to 2018. The purpose of this study is to assess competitive determinants of following suit by copying these summer park introduced by competitors. Estimates using a Cox survival model show that the likelihood to adopt these summer parks is mainly determined by cooperation with competitors (coopetition) through year-round resident pass alliances and by the size of the operator. However, the park theme is, in turn, determined by location and terrain characteristics.