Labor productivity response of the micro-and-small-firm sector to business entries and exits
研究了智利微型和小型企业部门中，企业进入和退出率如何影响市级平均劳动生产率，利用2003年税务机构清理大量不活跃企业的外生事件作为工具变量，发现竞争加剧、知识流入和资源释放能提升该部门生产率。
This article investigates whether differences in business entry and exit rates explain differences in average, municipality-level labor productivity in the micro- and small-firm (MSF) sector. We focus on the case of Chile, exploiting an exogenous source of variation to exit rates—an exceptional event when the tax authority closed tens of thousands of ostensibly inactive firms in 2003—to instrument metrics of business dynamism in regression models of labor productivity. Pooled and panel instrumental variable (IV) estimations confirm that even the sector comprising the smallest firms in a less developed country can raise its productivity in the face of increased competition, knowledge inflows, and the release of resources.