Investment impacts of gendered land rights in customary tenure systems: Substantive and methodological insights from Malawi
利用马拉维实验数据，研究发现习惯土地制度中遗赠权和出售权对投资和经济作物采用有影响，且影响因性别和继承制度而异，传统调查方法易掩盖这些效应。
Although most of the world’s agricultural land is cultivated under customary tenure regimes that tend to change over time in response to exogenous factors, the impact of customary rights on productivity and investment remains under-researched. Using unique data from an experiment in Malawi, we show that (i) parcel-level bequest and sale rights affect investment and cash crop adoption; (ii) impacts are gender-differentiated -women’s rights affect investment and men’s cash crop adoption- and vary by inheritance regime; and (iii) measurement error associated with traditional approaches to survey data collection easily obscures these effects. Beyond reinforcing the need for careful empirical research, this suggests that gradual erosion of women’s customary rights may reduce land related investment and that measures other than titling (e.g. changes in family law or legal support) may enhance it.