Licensing Life-Saving Drugs for Developing Countries: Evidence from the Medicines Patent Pool
研究了药品专利池（MPP）如何影响中低收入国家救命药物的许可和采用，发现专利纳入池后许可大幅增加，但实际销售增长较小，原因在于许可的地理捆绑。
Abstract We study the effects of the Medicines Patent Pool (MPP)—an institution that pools patents across geographical markets—on the licensing and adoption of life-saving drugs in low- and middle-income countries. We show the presence of an immediate and large increase in licensing when a patent is included in the MPP. We also show evidence that the pool increases actual entry and volume of sales, but these impacts are much smaller than on licensing, which is due to the geographic bundling of licenses. The paper highlights the potential of pools in promoting diffusion of biomedical innovation in developing countries.