Biodiversity and Economic Land Use
研究了美国城市和农业用地对鸟类进化多样性的影响，发现农业用地减少多样性，城市用地在城市化率超过27%后也减少多样性，并预测了到2051年的土地转换与生物多样性损失成本。
We quantify the impact of economic land use (urban and agricultural) on biodiversity measured as phylogenetic diversity (or evolutionary distinctiveness). We construct phylogenetic diversity indexes for bird populations throughout the United States and match them to high-resolution land use data. Agricultural land decreases phylogenetic diversity. In contrast, urban land use initially encourages diversity; however, once 27% of the local area is urbanized, phylogenetic diversity falls. Phylogenetic diversity also benefits from the presence of a variety of land use types, to a point. We project land conversion and biodiversity loss to 2051 and calculate the costs of preventing such land conversion.