Agricultural Displacement and Deforestation Leakage in the Brazilian Legal Amazon
研究巴西大豆禁令和零毁林牛肉协议是否导致农业活动或森林砍伐转移到邻近地区，发现大豆禁令使大豆种植扩散到已开垦的牧场，而牛肉协议三年后加剧了森林砍伐。
Does environmental policy aiming to reduce deforestation induce displacement of existing agricultural activities? To shed light on this question, we exploit a difference-in-differences strategy with a distance-based treatment to examine whether two policies in the Brazilian Amazon, the Soy Moratorium and the Zero-Deforestation Cattle Agreements, have displaced production or deforestation into neighboring regions. Our results show evidence that the Soy Moratorium induced soy spillovers onto previously cleared land—mainly pasture—in the less regulated ecosystem. The spillovers from the Cattle Agreements, three years after the Soy Moratorium, resulted in increased deforestation.