Crisis lifecycle, policy response, and policy effectiveness
研究了政府政策响应的时机、顺序和节奏如何影响政策效果，基于152个国家/地区2020年1月至7月的新冠疫情数据，发现早期直接控制感染源的政策是关键。
The dimension of time has been neglected in the practice and research of public administration for decades. By developing a framework to guide the quantification and operationalization of the crisis lifecycle model, this study explores how the timing, sequence, and tempo of government policy response impact policy effectiveness. Quantitative analysis of COVID-19-related data in 152 countries/regions from 1 January to 31 July 2020 shows that direct policies on curtailing infection sources in the early outbreak stage are key to controlling the pandemic. This article concludes by identifying different time tactics that may help policymakers improve strategic decision-making.