Organizational resource and resilience in tourism
基于资源特性（稀缺性与吸收性）将组织资源分为四类，实证检验不同类型资源对旅游企业韧性的差异化影响，发现可部署资源和无形资源对快速适应危机更重要。
This research aims to empirically address the question of what types of organizational resources are likely to enhance resilience outcomes in the tourism industry. Based on Voss, Sirdeshmukh, and Voss (2008)'s resource characteristics of rarity (generic vs. rare) and absorption (deployable vs. absorbed), we define four types of organizational resources: physical (generic and deployable), operational (generic and absorbed), customer relational (rare and deployable), and intangible (rare and absorbed). The study demonstrates that although overall resources enhance organizational resilience, their influences differ according to the resource characteristics, which adds value to the management and tourism literatures. Specifically, this study suggests that tourism organizations should invest in long-term capital expenditure on both deployable (e.g., servicing capacity) and intangible resources to quickly adapt to organizational crises. Our findings are consistent with Voss et al. (2008)'s research in terms of deployable resources, but not in terms of absorbed resources.